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Pratice portuguese bietet auch Podcast und Quiz an, man muss etwas zahlen, ist aber nicht teuer. Geht aber nur, wenn man englisch spricht. Ich habe bei einem gewissen Niveau aufgehört, da ich mehr Fehler im englischen machte
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, der übrigens kostenlos ist und immer wieder kleinere Lerneinheiten enthält:
Fand ich für meine bescheidenen Kenntnisse praktisch- recht einfache Dinge, die aber schon hilfreich sind im täglichen Leben.
Heute geht's um Dies und Das.

In English, we just say "this" or "that” when pointing to objects.
“This” if the object is close to us.
“That” if the object is farther away.
But Portuguese has a three-way system!
We use different words depending on:
  • If something is close to you (the speaker)
  • If it's close to the person you're talking to
  • If it's far away from both of you
And as usual, the words change according to whether the thing being described is singular, plural, masculine or feminine.
Let's break it down.

1. When something is close to you (the speaker):
  • This/These = Este (masculine singular) / Esta (feminine singular) / Estes (masculine plural) / Estas (feminine plural)
  • This (non-specific) = Isto
Este livro é interessante. (This book is interesting.)

Estas garrafas são minhas. (These bottles are mine.)

Isto não está a correr bem. (This is not going well.)

2. When something is close to the person you're talking to:
  • That/Those = Esse / Essa / Esses / Essas
  • That (non-specific) = Isso
Essa caneta funciona? (Does that pen work?)

Esses cadernos são teus? (Are those notebooks yours?)

O que é isso? (What is that?)

3. When something is far from both of you:
  • That/Those (over there) = Aquele / Aquela / Aqueles / Aquelas
  • That (non-specific, far) = Aquilo
Aquele carro é caro. (That car (over there) is expensive.)

Aquelas pessoas estão à espera. (Those people (over there) are waiting.)

Now, imagine you're in a café in Lisboa.
Here’s how you would say:
  • This coffee is delicious (about your own coffee): Este café é delicioso.
  • Is that pastry good? (pointing to one near your friend): Esse pastel é bom?
  • Look at those people over there (far away): Olha para aquelas pessoas ali.
Zum Vergrößern anklicken....
 
Haben die diakritischen Zeichen im Portugiesischen Eigennamen? Also ich denke da an die Akzente und die Schnörkel zum Beispiel am Buchstaben c.
Dankeschön
Stefan
 
Guten Morgen.

Ja. :)



1.jpeg
 
Hier nochmal ein sehr informativer newsletter von
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zum Thema: Plural


When you’re learning Portuguese, even the simplest everyday moments — like asking for duas colheres (two spoons) to share a dessert, looking for dois quartos (two rooms) at a hotel, or ordering três cervejas (three beers) at a local bar — depend on knowing how to form plurals.

Without them, a simple request could turn into a confusing mix-up.

So how do you know when to add an -s, -es, or completely change the ending of a word?

Let’s break it down, starting with the easiest rule of all...

> Words that never change (invariable)​

These words maintain the same form regardless of whether they're used with singular or plural nouns.

→ Adverbs (advérbios): Words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

For example: mais (more), bem (well), sempre (always), and rapidamente (quickly).

→ Prepositions (preposições): Words that show relationships between other words in a sentence.

For example: para (to/for), com (with), em (in/on), and sobre (about/on).

→ Conjunctions (conjunções): Words that connect words, phrases, or clauses.

For example: e (and), ou (or), mas (but), and porque (because).

→ Interjections (interjeições): These are used for expressions.

For example: Ufa! (Phew!), Olá! (Hello!), Ai! (Ouch!), and Nossa! (Wow!/My goodness!).

→ Most adverbial phrases: Expressions like às vezes (sometimes) or de repente (suddenly).

Now that you know which words don't change, let's move on to the ones that do — and the easiest rule to remember.

> The basic rule: just add -s​

For most words ending in vowels, pluralizing is simple - just add an -s:

  • carro → carros (car → cars)
  • casa → casas (house → houses)
Simple, right? But what about words that don't end in a vowel?

That’s where things get a little more interesting…

> When to add -es​

Words ending in -n, -r, -s, and -z become plural by adding -es:

  • país → países (country → countries)
  • feliz → felizes (happy → happy in plural form)
  • hífen → hífenes (hyphen → hyphens)
Words ending in -m? Replace it with -ns:

  • homem → homens (man → men)
  • nuvem → nuvens (cloud → clouds)
Words ending in -l? Replace with -is:

  • animal → animais (animal → animals)
  • papel → papéis (paper → papers)
Notice how some vowels gain an accent when pluralized?

This happens with stressed 'e' and 'o' vowels in the final syllable:

  • papel → papéis
  • farol → faróis (lighthouse → lighthouses)
You're doing great so far — and you're already prepared for most situations.

But Portuguese wouldn’t be Portuguese without a few fun curveballs.

Let’s look at one of the most famous ones...

> The tricky -ão ending​

Words ending in -ão have three possible plural forms: -ões, -ãos, or -ães.

Most common are words that change to -ões:

  • situação → situações (situation → situations)
  • avião → aviões (plane → planes)
  • leão → leões (lion → lions)
Some change to -ãos:

  • mão → mãos (hand → hands)
  • irmão → irmãos (brother → brothers)
And a few change to -ães:

  • cão → cães (dog → dogs)
  • pão → pães (bread → loaves of bread)
When in doubt, -ões is your safest bet as it's most common. The others you'll learn with practice and exposure.

Of course, no language rule would be complete without a few exceptions to keep you on your toes!

Let’s cover those next…

> The exceptions (because of course there are some!)​

Some words look identical in both singular and plural forms:

  • o lápis → os lápis (the pencil → the pencils)
  • o vírus → os vírus (the virus → the viruses)
And some words only exist in plural form:

  • as calças (pants/trousers)
  • parabéns (congratulations)
  • as costas (the back, as in body part)
Next time you're at a Portuguese café, try ordering multiple items:

"Queria dois pastéis de nata e três cafés, por favor." (I would like two custard tarts and three coffees, please.)

Or listen closely to announcements about "os próximos comboios" (the next trains) at the station.

You'll find plurals everywhere once you start looking for them, and now you have the tools to use them correctly.
Zum Vergrößern anklicken....
 
und @Iris_K : das erste Wort hätte ich sogar gekonnt, mein beliebtes "Otorinolaringologista".
Aber die Zungenbrecher...:panik3:muss ich vielleicht mal üben für den nächsten Urlaub, sorgt sicher wieder für einige Heiterkeit.
Und sehr schön auch:
Portugiesisch klingt, als wenn besoffene Russen versuchen, spanisch zu sprechen.
Zum Vergrößern anklicken....
 
Farbenzeit schrieb:
"Otorinolaringologista"
Zum Vergrößern anklicken....

Kann ich nur, weil mein Sohn jahrelang einen brauchte und ich ständig Termine beim Ohrenarzt machen musste..., was hab ich mir anfangs die Zunge verknotet.

Obwohl..., dazu reichte bei mir auch schon das Wort "Cabeleireiro" richtig auszuprechen.
(Ging meist einfacher, wenn man etwas besoffen war, apropo "Portugiesisch klingt, als wenn besoffene Russen versuchen, spanisch zu sprechen.")
 
Musste gerade lachen, scheinbar vermeiden auch manche Portugiesen das portugiesische Wort für Kokosnuss, habe heute diese Werbung online gefunden:

"Em montra para o dia da Mãe , bolo de chocolate e coconut"

Alles in portugiesisch, bis halt auf "coconut".
(Kokosnusskuchen mit Schokolade, als Muttertagsidee-Geschenk Vorschlag, bestimmmt lecker.)

Schuld mag die Aussprache sein, die Betonung muss unbedingt auf dem ersten "o" sein in:
côco

Legt man sie auf das zweite:
cocó

hat man fast im wahrsten Sinne des Wortes "in die Kacke gegeriffen".

"Pöses" Wort mit Ausländerfalle sozusagen ;-)

Aufpassen also, wie ihr das Wort aussprecht, andernfalls könnte es zu Überraschungen in der Bestellung kommen,
kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk.

Sivi
 
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